RBA Annual Conference – 1998 What Works Among Active Labour Market Policies: Evidence from OECD Countries' Experiences
| Replacement rate | Benefit duration | ALMP | Union coverage | Union co-ordination | Employer co-ordination | Employment protection | Change in inflation | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Austria | 60 | 50 | 4 | 8.7 | 8.3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 16 | −0.46 | 0.06 | ||||
| Belgium | 60 | 4 | 10.0 | 14.6 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 17 | −0.76 | −0.52 | |||||
| Denmark | 90 | 2.5 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 | −0.86 | −0.46 | |||||
| Finland | 75 | 63 | 4 | 2 | 18.4 | 16.4 | 3 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 10 | −0.26 | −0.72 | ||
| France | 57 | 3.75 | 3 | 7.2 | 8.8 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 14 | −1.38 | −0.30 | ||||
| Germany | 63 | 4 | 12.9 | 25.7 | 3 | 2 | 3 | 15 | −0.34 | −0.04 | |||||
| Ireland | 50 | 37 | 4 | 9.2 | 9.1 | 3 | 1 | 1 | 12 | −1.52 | −0.54 | ||||
| Italy | 2 | 20 | 0.5 | 10.1 | 10.3 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 2 | 20 | −1.68 | −0.52 | |||
| Netherlands | 70 | 4 | 2 | 4.0 | 6.9 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 9 | −0.14 | 0.14 | ||||
| Norway | 65 | 1.5 | 9.5 | 14.7 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 11 | −0.34 | −1.12 | |||||
| Portugal | 60 | 65 | 0.5 | 0.8 | 5.9 | 18.8 | 3 | 2 | 2 | 18 | −2.74 | −1.28 | |||
| Spain | 80 | 70 | 3.5 | 3.2 | 4.7 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 19 | −1.24 | −0.60 | ||||
| Sweden | 80 | 1.2 | 59.5 | 59.3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 13 | −0.75 | −1.02 | |||||
| Switzerland | 70 | 1 | 23.0 | 8.2 | 2 | 1 | 3 | 6 | −0.12 | −0.50 | |||||
| United Kingdom | 36 | 38 | 4 | 7.8 | 6.4 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 7 | 0.16 | −1.02 | |||
| Australia | 39 | 36 | 4 | 4.1 | 3.2 | 3 | 2 | 1 | 4 | 0.02 | −1.24 | ||||
| Canada | 60 | 59 | 0.5 | 1 | 6.3 | 5.9 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 3 | −0.08 | −0.84 | |||
| Japan | 60 | 0.5 | 5.4 | 4.3 | 2 | 2 | 2 | 8 | −0.20 | −0.36 | |||||
| New Zealand | 38 | 30 | 4 | 15.4 | 6.8 | 2 | 2 | 1 | 1 | 2 | 0.36 | −1.22 | |||
| United States | 50 | 0.5 | 3.9 | 3.0 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | −0.04 | −0.48 | |||||
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Note: (a) When a variable changes between the two subperiods, the first number is for 1983–88 and the second for 1989–94. Sources: Jackman et al. (1996). ‘Replacement rate’ and ‘Benefit duration’: Mainly US Department of Health and Social Services, Social Security Programmes throughout the World, 1985 and 1993. See Layard, Nickell and Jackman (1991), Annex 1.3. ‘ALMP’: OECD Employment Outlook 1988 and 1995. For the first subperiod the data relate to 1987 and for the second to 1991. We include all active spending except on the disabled. ‘Union coverage’, ‘Union co-ordination’ and ‘Employer co-ordination’: See Layard, Nickell and Jackman (1991), Annex 1.4 and OECD Employment Outlook 1994, pp. 175–185. ‘Employment protection’: The OECD Jobs Study 1994, Part II Table 6.7 col. 5 p. 74. Country ranking with 20 as the most strictly regulated. ‘Inflation’: OECD Economic Outlook. |
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