RDP 2014-07: International Trade Costs, Global Supply Chains and Value-added Trade in Australia Equation

θ i t s = ( 1 / J ) * ∑ j = 1 J ( x i i t s × x j j t s x i j t s × x j i t s ) 1 2 ( σ s − 1 ) . MathType@MTEF@5@5@+= feaagKart1ev2aaatCvAUfeBSjuyZL2yd9gzLbvyNv2CaerbuLwBLn hiov2DGi1BTfMBaeXatLxBI9gBaerbd9wDYLwzYbItLDharqqtubsr 4rNCHbGeaGqiVu0Je9sqqrpepC0xbbL8F4rqqrFfpeea0xe9Lq=Jc9 vqaqpepm0xbba9pwe9Q8fs0=yqaqpepae9pg0FirpepeKkFr0xfr=x fr=xb9adbaqaaeGaciGaaiaabeqaamaabaabaaGcbaGaeqiUde3aa0 baaSqaaiaadMgacaWG0baabaGaam4Caaaakiabg2da9maabmaabaGa aGymaiaac+cacaWGkbaacaGLOaGaayzkaaGaaiOkamaaqahabaWaae WaaeaadaWcaaqaaiaadIhadaqhaaWcbaGaamyAaiaadMgacaWG0baa baGaam4CaaaakiabgEna0kaadIhadaqhaaWcbaGaamOAaiaadQgaca WG0baabaGaam4CaaaaaOqaaiaadIhadaqhaaWcbaGaamyAaiaadQga caWG0baabaGaam4CaaaakiabgEna0kaadIhadaqhaaWcbaGaamOAai aadMgacaWG0baabaGaam4CaaaaaaaakiaawIcacaGLPaaaaSqaaiaa dQgacqGH9aqpcaaIXaaabaGaamOsaaqdcqGHris5aOWaaWbaaSqabe aadaWcaaqaaiaaigdaaeaacaaIYaWaaeWaaeaacqaHdpWCdaahaaad beqaaiaadohaaaWccqGHsislcaaIXaaacaGLOaGaayzkaaaaaaaaki aac6caaaa@686B@